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為什麼螃蟹只會橫爬?

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為什麼螃蟹只會橫爬?

螃蟹身體表面覆蓋著一層保護用的幾丁質外骨骼,通常叫做甲殼。身體前方長著一對可動的複眼,平時橫臥在眼窩內,走路時,可豎起眼來探路。在身體的兩側生有五對附肢:其中一對是捕食和防禦用的螯足,粗壯有鉗,伸向前方;另外四對是步行用的足,分別朝著左右兩側伸出,這也是螃蟹唯一的運動器官─步足。

螃蟹的步足由七個小節組成,像一條「七節棍」,尖端的一節呈爪狀,其餘各節的形狀如扁棒狀或短柱形。一節節堅硬的外骨骼上,有的長著毛茸茸的硬毛或尖刺,有疏有密。每兩節的外骨骼之間,在外表有光滑柔軟的薄膜相連,裡面沒有可供轉動的關節,只有一條的肌肉束與外骨骼互相連接著。當節間肌肉交替伸縮時,依靠節間軟膜有限的彈性,只能使足的各節產生不同程度的上下方向的動作,而不能前後轉動。牠由一側步足足尖的爪節向下彎曲抓住地面或物體,用另一側的足尖向外伸直,支撐身體,推動身體前進。所以螃蟹只能向左右稍偏前方向爬行。

  • This is a reposted article.
  • Keywords : 附肢, 防禦用, 關節, 運動器官, 軟膜, 身體前方長, 身體, 走路, 複眼, 螯足, 螃蟹唯一, 螃蟹, 薄膜相連, 肌肉束, 粗壯, 硬毛, 短柱形, 眼窩內, 當節, 用另一側
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2012-11-01T21:08:00+0000


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